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May stop additional isolation when:
N/A
Symptoms
Acute febrile illness which may have sudden with chills,
retrobulbar headache, weakness, malaise, and severe sweating.
Abnormal LFTs is common
Comments:
Caused by the rickettsiae Coxiella burnetii. The reservoir is sheep,
cattle, goats, cats, some feral rodents, and ticks. Persons with
contact with animals may become infected. This is a hardy organism and
those who become exposed to contaminated dust up to ½ mile from the
source may become infected.
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Incubation Period
2-3 weeks, dose dependent.
Period of Communicability
Person to person transmission is rare. However, bone
marrow and blood transfusion related transmission has occurred.
Be cautious of contaminated clothing.
Cohort (Inf. with Inf./Exp. with Exp./Non-Exp. with Non-Exp.)
Not Required
Transport Issues
None
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Who’s susceptible
General, infection confers life long immunity.
Who’s exposed
Those exposed to contaminated animals and materials such as bedding,
wool, or laundry from infected persons. May be transmitted by
raw milk, or blood and bone marrow transfusions.
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Exclusion of symptomatic personnel from duty
Yes, until fit to work.
Exclusion of exposed susceptible personnel from duty
Not Required
Isolation of exposed susceptible asymptomatic patients
Not Required
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Prophylaxis for exposed
Tetracycline is best prophylaxis. Tetracycline 500 mg PO QID, OR Doxycycline 100mg PO BID.
Treatment for the Ill
Does not always require therapy. Best to begin within 1-3 days of
illness onset. Doxycycline 100 mg BID and Hydrochloroquine
200 mg PO TID, Chlorampenicol 25 mg/kg IV/PO QID, or Ciprofloxin
400 mg IV BID. Duration of therapy is 14 days.
Military/Institutional Populations Special Issues
Do not drink unpasteurized milk. Get IND vaccine from USAMRID (301-619-2051).
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